Type-writing machine.



No. 656,576. I Patented Aug. 2|, |900. T. CAHILL. TYPE' WRITINGIIIAcIIIIIE.

(Application filed Aug. 8, 1896.)

2 Sheet;$haet I.

(No Model.)

No. 656,576. Patented Aug. 2|, I900.

T. CAHILL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Aug. 3, 1896.)

' 2 Sheets-Sheet'2.

mmi mm THE mmms PETERS $0.. PHOTO-LITHO msmneron o c UNITED STATE PATENTOFFICE.

TIIADDEUS OAIIILL, on NEW ,YoRK, v, SsIeNoRf o HIMSELF, AMOS J.CUMMINGS, GEORGE E. GAI-IIL'L, ARTllU-R'T; OAI-IILL, AND E. HILTONJAoKsoN, TRUSTEES.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 656,576, dated August21, 1900.

Original application filed January 4, 1896, Serial No- 574,359. Dividedand this application filed August 3, 1896. Serial lie.

' 601,520. (No model.)

T aZZ 2117110777. it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, THADDEUS CAHILL, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of the city, county, and State of New York,

' (but temporarily residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia,)have invented cer tair'i new and useful Improvements in Type- W'ritingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

IO This application is a division of original application, Serial No.574,359, filed January 4,1896.

The principal objects of my invention are a to increase the easeofop'erating typewriting machines, (1)) to increase their speed, and (c)to make the weight of the printing independent of the touch upon thekey, thereby to secure uniformity of printing; and my invention consistsin the parts, im-

provements, and combinations hereinafter described and claimed.

In operating a type-writing machine rapidly considerable force isrequired to give the type-bars and other moving parts the velocitieswhich rapid operation of the machine involves. To exert the necessaryforce by abrupt sharp blows, repeated with great rapidity, astype-writing machines as now constructed require, tends to fatigue theoperator, not so muchby reason of the total amount of work performed asof the nervous tension which the peculiar ITIOdG Of doing such workrequires. By my invention the operator does not impel the type-bars byhis 5 own force, but by depressing the key he calls a motor or powerdevice into action and connects the type-bar or equivalent partcorresponding to the key depressed with said motor, so that it isimpelled thereby. These 0 operations (to wit, calling the motor intoactivityand connecting the type-bar with the motor) involve a triflingamount of force, and I make the touch of the machine very light. Also Iam enabled to greatly 5 reduce the dip of the key, which at onceincreases the speed and reduces the labor of operating the machine.Moreover, the small resistance which the finger has to overcome with myconstruction is chiefly an elastic spring resistance, which, unlike theinertia o heavy; but if the 'keybe depressed lightly the printing .isfaint, and, indeed, if the touch be very light there will be no printingat all. It thus becomes necessary for the op-' erator to cultivate auniform weight of touch; but the strength of the fingers is veryunequal, the forefinger and the middle finger being very much strongerthan the ring-fin- 7c ger and the little finger. Now this necessity fora touchlof uniform force and the-further necessity for exertingconsiderable force to move the type-bars with the requisite rapidity andto print with the requisite force lead the great majority of operatorsto actuate the keys with a few fingers only. Some operators use only theforefinger of each hand, many (probably the majority) use only theforefinger and the middlefinger. Some oth- 8o ers use the forefinger,the middle finger, and

the ring-finger, and a very few, probably not five in a hundredat thisdate, use all the fingers. The fewer the fingers used thelarger travelof the hands there must be and the more narrowly the eyes must watch thekeyboard to prevent mistakes in touching the keys; but by my inventionthe touch is made to be so light and the keys are operated with suchfacility that the operator can readily use all his fingers, even thelittle finger. Thus the amount of travel of the hands over the keyboardis reduced, the keys do not need to be watched so closely, and the easeand speed of operation are increased, and, finally, I ar- 5 rangeeverything in such manner that the type-bar is actuated and the typecarried thereby thrown from its normal position toward theprinting-center by a force other than that exerted by the operator uponthe key-to wit, by the power of a motor which exerts always the sameforce whether the key be pressed down with a light force or with a verygreat force-and by this means I relieve the operator from the necessityof using a uniform pressure upon the keys, lighten his labor, increasethe speed of the machine, and secure uniform printing. These importantadvantages resulting from my invention are not speculative ortheoretical merely. They have been proved by the actual use of themachines which I have had built, and they are apparent to anyintelligent person upon an examination and use of those machines.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a convenient form of device forcarrying out my invention. They show the invention as applied to atype-writing machine of the common kind, having type-bars arranged abouta circle and striking to a common printingpoint on the bottom of thepaper-roll.

Figure 1 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, through the center ofthe machine,

parallel to the length of the key-levers; and

. Fig. 2 is a sectional view in elevation on the Both figures arelargely diame with the essential parts of the old structure of atype-bar type-writing machine familiar to all persons skilled in theart.

A few type-bars only are illustrated in the drawings and a few keysonly; but it is to 'be understood that in the preferred form of deviceillustrated in the drawings there is a type-bar for each letter of thealphabet and also preferably other type-bars for figures or marks and akey for each type-bar to control said type-bar. As figured in thedrawings, each type-bar carries two characters, usually an upper-caseand lower-case letter; but obviously this is not indispensable.

In the drawings, 94 94 are the usual key-levers centered between thefulcrum-bars 95 95.

96 96 are levers centered between fulcrumbars 97 97 and connected bypull-down wires 92 92 with the type-bars a a, which latter are hung byhangers a a in the usual manner. 100 is a frame impelled by a motor in amanner-hereinafter described. A swinging arm 110 is pin-jointed to eachof the levers 96 96. Said swinging arm 110 is connected with thecorresponding key 94 by means of a bell-crank lever 111, flexible cord112, and link 113. When a key 94 is in its normal position, thebell-crank 111 rests against the felted bar 121, thus holding theswinging arm 110 out from under the frame 100, so that said frame canmove down under the influence of the motor device, hereinafterdescribed, without catching the swinging arm 110; but when a key isdepressed it pulls through the flexible cord 112 down upon thehorizontal arm of the bellcrank 111, so thrusting the vertical arm ofsaid bell-crank inward, and thus through the link 113 thrusting theswinging arm 110, connected with the corresponding lever 96, in underthe frame 100 into such a position that said frame cannot descendwithout catching said swinging arm 110 and pressingit down, therebydepressing the lever 96, which through the pull-down wire 92 impels thetype-bar a, throwing the type up against the paper carried by thepaper-roll m, so that it prints.

One effect then, it will be seen, of depressing any key is to thrust theswinging arm 110, connected with the correspondinglever 96, in under themotor-frame 100. At the same time the key causes the motor-frame tooperate. One construction for this purpose is as follows: Themotor-frame is mounted by means of bridle-levers 102 102, which aresuitably fulcrumed upon centers 103 103. is an electromagnet whosearmature 104 is connected with the motor-frame 100, being attached tothe bridle-lever 10.2. The magnet 105 is attached to a suitable supportor bracket 107, which is in turn secured to or formed as part of themain frame 'of the machine, which main frame (as it may be of anysuitable shape) I have not thought it necessary to illustrate in thedrawings. Said magnet when energized by the passage of an electriccurrent through its coils draws downits armature 104, thereby depressingthe frame 100, which in turn depresses the particular swinging arm(belonging to the key depressed) which has been thrust under it, thusdepressing the lever 96 and throwing up the corresponding type, so thatit prints upon the paper carried by the paper-roll m.

The magnet 105 is controlled by the following mechanism: Underneath allof the keys 94 94 is a rocking frame having a front rail 114 and acenter rod 115, suitably connected and lying transverse to the keys insuch a position that any key depressed touches the front rail 114 anddepresses it. One terminal of the coils of the motor-magnet 105 isconnected with the metallic front rail 114 of the rocking frameaforesaid, and the other terminal of the coils of said electromagnet isconnected th rough the battery B with the contact-spring 117. Theplatinum point 116 is set in the front rail 114 of the rocking frameaforesaid in make-and-break relation with the contact-spring 117.

m is the paper roll or platen, and m is the frame of the travelingpaper-carriage.

A is the top plate of the machine.

The ribbon mechanism,spacing mechanism, and other usual details notbeing material to my invention are omitted. Any suitable sort of spacingmechanism whatever may be used. Spacing mechanism may be used-forexample, such as that fully described in prior pending applications ofmine, Serial No. 572,121,

filed December 14, 1895, or Serial No. 574,359, filed January 4, 1896,(which have since issued as Letters Patent'No. 600,119, dated March 1,1898,and No. 566,442,dated August 25,1896,respectively)having anothermagnet in circuit with the magnet 105 and battery B servin g to move thespacedogs every time the circuit is closed and opened, or any of thespacing mechanisms now used in the art impelled by the keys may be used,or any other spacing mechanism whatever that is suitable for the purposemay be used. The felted stopbar 122 serves to limit the downwardmovement of the keys 94 94 and the inward movement of the swinging arms110 110. Other felted stop-bars 123 and 124 serve to limit the upwardmovement of the key-levers 94 94 and the levers 96 96, respectively. Thelevers 94 94 and 96 96 are returned to their normal positions bysprings. (Not shown in the drawin gs.)

The operation is as follows: When any key is depressed, it thrusts theswinging arm 110, connected with the corresponding lever 96 and type-bara, in under the motor-frame 100 in the manner above described, and atthe same time it depresses the front rail of the frame 114, so that theplatinum point 116 closes the circuit of the batteryB with thecontact-spring 117 through the electromagnet 105. Said magnetimmediately becomes energized by the passage of the battery-current andattracts its armature 104, which presses the motor-frame 100 down uponthe swinging arm 110, thereby depressing the corresponding lever 96 andthrowing the corresponding type up against the paper carried by thepaper-roll m, thus printing the required character. When the key 94 isreleased, the frame 114 rises, (under the influence of areturning-spring, not shown,) the platinum point 116 moves away from thecontact-spring 117, the circuit of the battery Bis broken, the magnetloses its magnetism, the motor-frame 100 under the influence of thecontractile spring 118 returns to its normal position of'contact withthe felted adjustable stop 125, and the bell-crank lever 111 returns toits normal position under the influence of the contractile spring 126and withdraws its swinging arm from its position underneath themotor-frame. Thus everything is ready for another operation.

By my invention it will be seen a single electromagnet of very moderatesize may be made to do the work which now tends very materially tofatigue the operater. The touch may be made as light as any one desires,and the play of the keys may be reduced to a fraction of what is nowrequired, and, moreover, the electromagnet 105 operates always in thesame manner and throws the typebar up to strike with the same uniformforce whether the key be depressed with great force or with verymoderate force, thus securing uniform printing, or, at least, securingmore nearly uniform printing, without any care or attention to thatmatter on the part of the operator than can now be secured 'by thegreatest care and attention.

Obviously my invention is susceptible of many modifications. Other motordevices than electromagnets may be used, and I wish it to be understoodthat while I consider an electromagnetic motor device as a mostconvenient motor device, at least in most situations, I do not limitmyself thereto except in those paragraphs of claim in which suchlimitation is clearly expressed, for some of the most important featuresof my invention may be carried out in connection with other forms ofmotor device than the electromagnetic form. The exact form of themotor-frame is not material, and obviously it may be varied within widelimits; I have, in fact, used several other forms of m otor-frame; butwhatever the geometrical shape of the frame I have always found itadvantageous, and, in fact, a matter of greatimportance, to make theframe very light, so that it can move back and forth with great rapiditywithout requiring too much power to start it and without making any morenoise in starting and stopping than that which cannot be avoided. Also Ihave found it advantageous to pivot said frame, thereby minimizing thefriction and reducing also the average 122's m ca of its various partsor particles; but I do not limit myself to a pivoted, swinging, oroscillating motor-frame except in those few paragraphs of claim in whicha combination with such limitation is expressed. Instead of using asingle motor device and motor-frame for the whole machine a plurality ofmotor devices and motor-frames might obviously be used, each serving fora part of the keys and type-bars, and while I consider it veryadvantageous in many ways to use a single vibratory frame or a singlemotor device for the entire alphabet of type-bars I do not, I wish it tobe very clearly understood, limit myself to that construction except inthose paragraphs of claim in which such limitation is clearly expressedby apt words. The means herein illustrated for connecting the type-barswith the vibratory frame 100 or with the motor device which impels saidframe are suitable for the purpose in a machine of the kind hereinillustrated; but consistently with certain broad features of myinvention, which are set forth in the statement of claim at the endhereof, other and more or less widely different means may be used forconnecting the type-bars with the motor device. It will be understood,therefore, that I do not limit myself in any of the paragraphs of claimat the end hereof to the details of construction herein illustrated anyfurther than is clearly pointed out by apt words in such claim, and oneparagraph of claim, it will be observed, is limited to one or to severalfeatures of construction which find an embodiment in the mechanismhereinbefore described, and illustrated in the drawmagnet for a motordevice to actuate the typeings, and is not limited to other suchfeatures to which in turn some other paragraph of claim will be found tobe limited, andanylimitation which is expressed in one paragraph ofclaim and is not expressed in another paragraph, of claim should not beread into the claim from which it has been omitted, for the broaderfeatures of my invention may be carried out in machines widely differingin form and in details from the one illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. It will therefore be understood that many variations andalterations (some of which may in fact involveinvention) may be madefrom the mechanism hereinbefore illustrated and described withoutdeparting from certain essential features of my invention pointed out inthe statement of claim at the end hereof; and in particular while Iprefer to use, wherever an electric current can be conveniently had, anelectrobarsIdo not limitmyself by the word motor or bythe words motordevice to an electromagnet or to an electromagnetic device, for otherforms of motor device not being electric and not having electromagnetsmay be used instead, as stated hereinbefore and as clearly pointed outin other patents and pending applications of mine; also, while I haveillustrated a single motor-controlling device controlled by a completeset of keys, and while I consider that a very convenient arrangement forthe purpose, I wish it to be understood that'I do not limit myself tousing a single motor-controlling device for a whole alphabet of keysexcept in those few paragraphs of claim in which such limitation isclearly expressed by apt words. By making one motor-controlling deviceserve for a plurality of keys, particularly by making asingle-motor-controlling device serve for all the keys, the number ofparts is reduced and the mechanism made to be in this respect as simpleand cheap as possible. I have shown that form of key-controlledconnection between the type-barand motor which I consider best; but anyother suitable form of key-controlledconnection whatever may be used. Ihave in fact employed other and widely-differing forms, and I do notrestrict myself to any particular form except in those paragraphs ofclaim in which some restriction in this respect is clearly expressed.

In several of the paragraphs of the claim at the'end hereof I speak ofpivotal connections. Thus, for example, I speak of swinging movementreceiving members and pivotal connections between said members and thetype-bars. By pivotal connections I mean connections which are pivotedor which contain pivots. Thus, for example, in Fig. 1 the movementreceiving member 110 is pivoted to the lever 96, which is in turnconnected with the type-bar by the link 92, which link is pivoted bothto the lever 96 and to the type-bar a. In this case we have pivotalconnections, it will be seen, at three points; but a single pivot issufficient to make the connections pivotal connections in the sense inwhich I use the language in this specification.

In a number of paragraphs of the claims at the end hereof I speak, ineffect, of the motor or the electromagnet or the vibratory frame givingmovement to the type-bars from their normal positions to theprinting-center, or throwing the type-bar or the type carried therebyfrom its normal position to the printing-center. I do not mean, however,by this language to imply that the motor is actually supplying power tothe type-bar at every point of the type-bars movement, for that isneither necessary nor, in fact, especially advantageous; but I mean bythe expressions above referred to that the motor or electromagnet orvibratory frame (whichever one may be mentioned in a particular claim)applies to the type-bar the power which causes the type-bar to move fromits normal position to the printing-center. This power once applied thetype-bar can of course complete its movement under the momentum. thusacquired, even though the motor apply no power to it during the latterpart of its movement.

In various places in this specification, and particularly in several ofthe paragraphs of claims at the end hereof, I speak of atypewriting-machine having a main keyboard. By this term main keyboard Imean the keyboard proper of a type-Writing machine in contradistinctionto any keyboard which may be applied by way of attachment to atype-writing machine to operate the keys of the main keyboard or thelevers corresponding thereto. In the sense in which I use the language acommon type-writing machine such as the Remington machine or the SmithPremier machine or the Caligraph, for examplehas a main keyboard, and ithas usually no other keyboard. By the expression type-writing machinehaving a main keyboard, then, it will be understood that I do not meanto imply that such a type-writing machine has also some other keyboard,but merely to differentiate by this language main keyboard the usual andproper keyboard of a type-writing machine built therewith and forming apart thereof from any keyboard which may be applied as a more attachmentto a type-writing machine to operate the keys of the main keyboard orthe levers corresponding thereto.

In some places in this specification, particularly in the statement ofclaims at the end hereof, I speak of mechanical connections. By thisterm mechanical connections I mean connections which are whollymechanical, and I do not include under this term mechanical connectioneither electric or pneumatic connections.

Finally, I wish it to be very distinctly understood that it is not myintention or desire What I do claim in this application as of my owninvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent hereunder, is-

1. In combination in a type-writing machine having a main keyboard, (a)a plurality of type-bars striking to a common printingcenter; (Z?) asingle motor device common to said type-bars for giving movement to saidtype-bars from their normal positions to the printing-center, each asrequired; said motor device being normally inactive and said typebarsbeing normally disconnected therefrom; (0) keys of said main keyboard,forcontrolling with a single action the type-bars aforesaid, each asrequired; (d) means controlled by said keys acting, when a key isdepressed, to connect the appropriate type-bar with the motor deviceaforesaid so that it can receive movement therefrom, and also operatingto bring said motor device into action so that it impels said type-baras aforesaid.

2. In combination in a type-writing machine, a) a plurality oftype-bars, striking to a common printing-center; (b) amotor device,common to said type-bars, for giving movement to said type-bars, each asrequired; said motor device being normally inactive and said type-barsbeing normally disconnected therefrom; (0) keys, at the keyboard of saidtype-writing machine, corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a keyfor each of the type-bars actuated by the motordevice aforesaid; and(cl) means, controlled by said keys, acting, when a key is depressed, toconnect the corresponding type-bar with the motor device aforesaid, sothat it can receive movement therefrom, and also operating to bring saidmotor device into action, so that it impels said type-bar, throwing thetype carried by said type-bar from its normal position toward theprinting-center.

3. In combination in a type-writing machine or other similar instrument,(a) a plurality of type bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) amotor device common to said type-bars, for actuating said typebars, eachas required; said motor device being normally at rest, and saidtype-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; (0) keys, correspondingto the type-bars aforesaid, a key for each of the type-bars that isactuated by the motor device aforesaid; (d) mechanical con nectionsintermediate the keys aforesaid and the type-bars aforesaid, wherebyeach key, when depressed, brings the corresponding type-bar intorelation with the motor device aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom;said keys being connected to control said motordevice; whereby, when akey is depressed, the corresponding type-bar is actuated and the typecarried by said typebar thrown from its normal position to theprinting-center by a force other than that exerted by the operator uponthe key; the touch made to be light, and the strength of the printingmade to be independent of the pressure exerted by the operator upon thekey.

4. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a motor devicecommon to said type-bars, for giving movement to said type-bars, each asrequired; (0) movement-receiving members, suitably connected with saidtype-bars, (d) keys corresponding to the movement-receiving membersaforesaid, a key for each movement-receiving member; said keys beingeach connected with the movement-receiving member to which itcorresponds, and giving movement thereto in such manner thatit actuatesalways that same movement-receiving member, to bring saidmovement-receiving memher when said key with which it is connected isdepressed, into relation with the motor device aforesaid, to receivemovement therefrom; each of said keys serving also, when depressed, tobring the motor aforesaid into action, so that it actuates the type-barcorre sponding to said key depressed.

5. In combination in a type-writing ma chine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a motor devicecommon to said type-bars, for giving move ment to said type-bars, eachas required; said motor device being normally at rest and said type-barsbeing normally disconnected therefrom; (c) movement-receiving memberssuit ably connected with the type-bars aforesaid; (d) keys at thekeyboard of said type-writing machine, corresponding tosaidmovement-receiving members; (6) a motor-com trolling device, commonto aplurality ofthe keys aforesaid; each of said keys acting, whendepressed, to bring the corresponding movement-receiving member intorelation withthe motor aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom; saidkey acting also, when depressed, to control the motor-controlling deviceaforesaid; said motor-controlling device serving, when one of the keyscontrolling it has been depressed, and is at rest. in its depressedposition, to bring the-motor aforesaid into action; whereby, when a keyis depressed, the corresponding type-bar is actuated and the type thrownfrom its normal position toward the printing-center by a force otherthan that exerted by the operator upon the key; the touch made to belight, and the strength of the printing made to be independent of thepressure exerted by the operator upon the key.

6. In combination in a type-writing machine, (ct) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a motor devicecommon to said type-bars, for actuating said type-bars, each asrequired; said motor device being normally inactive, and said type-barsbeing normally disconnected therefrom; (c) swinging, 1novement-receivingmembers; ((1) pivotal connections between said members and saidtype-bars; (e) keys for controlling the swinging movement-receivingmembers aforesaid to bring said members each as required, into relationwith the motor device aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom; and (f)means, controlled by the keys aforesaid, acting, when a keyis depressed,to bring the motor aforesaid into action, so that it gives movement tothe swinging movementreceiving member controlled by the key depressed,thereby to actuate the corresponding type-bar.

7. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a com-mon printing-center; (b) a single motor foractuating said type-bars, each as required; (c) a pivotedmovement-receiving member for each type-bar, suitably connected withsaidtype-bar andlserving to receive movement from the motor aforesaid;said member being normally disconnected from said motor; (d) keyscorreponding to the type-bars aforesaid and each acting, when depressed,to give movement to the movement-receiving member connected with thetype-bar to which said key corresponds, to throw said movement-receivingmember into operative relation with .the motor aforesaid to receivemovement therefrom; and (e) a motor-controlling device, common to aplurality of the keys aforesaid, and operated by them, each key acting,when depressed, upon said motor-controllin g device to bring themotoraforesaid into action, for the impelling of the correspondingtype-bar.

8. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a. common printing-center; (1)) keys,corresponding to said type-bars, and equal in number thereto; (c) asingle motor device, common to a plurality of the type-bars aforesaid,for actuating said type-bars, each as require-d; said motor device beingnormally inactive, and said type-bars being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (d) means, controlled by the keys, corresponding to thetype-bars to which the motor device aforesaid is common, serving whenany of said keys is depressed, to connect the corresponding typebar withthe motor device aforesaid, and to bring said motor device into action,so that it impels said type-bar, throwing the type carried by saidtype-bar from its normal position to the printing-center.

9. A type-writing machine, including in combination, (a) analphabet oftype-bars, striking to a common printing-center; (12) keys,corresponding to said type-bars, and equal in number thereto; (0) asingle motor device for actuating a plurality of said typebars, saidmotor device being normally inac-. tive and said type-bars beingnormally disconnected from said motor device; (01) devices,corresponding to the type-bars actuated by the motor device aforesaid, adevice for each such type-bar, operated by the corresponding one of thekeys aforesaid, for bringing said type-barinto operative relation withthe motor device aforesaid when said key is depressed; and (e) means,operating when a key corresponding to one of the type-bars actuated bythe motor device aforesaid is depressed, to bring said motor device intoaction so that it impels the typebar corresponding to the key depressed,throwing the type carried by said type-bar from its normal position tothe printing-center, whereby the printing is effected by means of aforce other than that'applied by the operator to the key, and thestrength of the printing made to be independent of the force exerted bythe operator upon the key.

10. A type-writing machine, including in combination, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (1)) keys, correspondingto said type-bars, a key for each type-bar; (c) a single motor devicefor actuating a, plurality of said type-bars, each type-bar as required;said motor device being normally inactive and said type-bars beingnormally disconnected therefrom; (d) movement-receivin g membersconnected with the type-bars that are actuated by the motor deviceaforesaid, a movement-receiving member for each such type-bar; and (e) acontrolling device for the motor aforesaid, common to a plurality of thekeys aforesaid and operated thereby; each of the keys that operates saidmotor-controlling device acting, when depressed, both to control themovement-receiving member connected with the type-bar corresponding tosaid key to bring said movement-receiving member into relation with themotor device aforesaid to receive movement therefrom, and also tooperate the motor-controlling device aforesaid to bring the motoraforesaid into action, so that it gives movement to saidmovement-receiving member and the corresponding typebar; whereby, when akey is depressed, the type-bar corresponding thereto is actuated, andthe type thrown from its normal position to the printing-center by meansof a force other than that exerted by the operator upon the key; thetouch made to be light,

1 and the strength of the printing made to be independent of the forceexerted by the operator upon the key.

11. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) an'alphabetoftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) keys, equal innumber to said type-bars, a key for each type-bar; (c) a single motor,common to the alphabet of type-bars aforesaid, for actuating all saidtype-bars, to throw said type-bars each as required, from its normalposition to the printing-center; said motor device being normallyinactive, and said type-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; and(d) a single motor-controlling device, operated by all the keysaforesaid, each key acting, when depressed, upon said motor-controllingdevice to bring the motor aforesaid into action for the impelling of thecorresponding typebar.

12. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) keys, correspondingto the letters of the alphabet, a key for each letter; (b) type-bars,corresponding to said keys; said type-bars striking to a common printingcem ter; (0) a single motor device, common to said keys and type-bars,for actuating all said type-bars, each as required, to throw the typefrom its normal position toward the printing-center; said motor devicebeing normally inactive; (d) movement-receivingmembers, suitablyconnected with the type-bars aforesaid, a movement-receiving member foreach type bar; said movement receiving members serving each to receivemovement from the motor device aforesaid for the impelling of thetype-bar with which it is connected; said movement-receiving membersbeing normally disconnected from, the motor device aforesaid; each ofthe keys aforesaid servingwhen depressed, to bring themovement-receiving member connectedwith the corresponding type-bar, intooperative relation with themotor aforesaid, to receive movementtherefrom; and (6) a motor-controlling device, common to a plurality ofthe keysaforesaid, and, operating, when any of said keys is depressed,to bring the motor aforesaid into action so that it gives movement tothe movement receiving member controlled by the key depressed, therebyto actuate the corresponding type-bar.

13. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) keys, equalin numberto said type-bars; (c) a single motor for actuating all said type-bars,to throw said type-bars, each as required, from its normal positiontoward the printing-center;

' said motor being normally inactive and said type-bars being normallydisconnected therefrom; (d) devices corresponding to said typebars, adevice for each type-bar, actuated by the corresponding key,for'bringing said,

type-'barinto operative relation with the motor aforesaid to receivemovement therefrom; and (e) a single frame, operated by all the keysaforesaid; said frame being connected to control the motor aforesaid,and acting when a key is depressed, to bring the motor aforesaid intoaction for the impelling of the correspondingtype-bar. p

14. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (iz) a plurality oftype-bars, striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory frame,for giving movement to said type-bars, to throw said type-bars each asrequired, from their normal positions to their printing-conter; saidframe being normally at rest, and

said type-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; (a) keysat thekeyboard of said type-writing machine, equal in number to the type-barsactuated by the vibratory frame aforesaid and corresponding tosaidtype-bars,

a key for each such type-bar; and (d) means, acting, when a key isdepressed, to connect the type-bar corresponding to such key withmal'positions to their printing-center; said frame being normally atrest and said typebars being normally disconnected therefrom; (c) amotor device for actuating said vibratoryrframe; ((1) keys of said mainkeyboard; and (e) means controlled by said keys actin when a key isdepressed both to connect the appropriate type-bar with the vibratoryframe aforesaid so that it can receive movement therefrom, and to bringthe motor device aforesaid into action to operate said vibratory frameand the type-bar connected therewith; whereby when a key is depressedthe appropriate type-bar is actuated and the type carried thereby thrownfrom its normal position toward the printing-center by a force otherthan that exerted by the operator upon the key, the touch made to belight, and the strength of the printing made to be independent of thepressure exerted by the operator upon the key. a

16. In combination, in a-type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory framefor giving movement to said type-bars, to throw said type-bars, each asrequired, from their normal positions to their printingcenter; saidframe being normally at rest; and said type-bars being normallydisconnected therefrom; (0) keys at the keyboard of said type-writingmachine, equal in number to the type-bars actuated by the vibratoryframe aforesaid; a key for each such typebar; (d) a device for eachtype-bar, controlled by the corresponding key, acting when said key isdepressed, to connect said type-bar with the vibratory frame aforesaidto receive movement therefrom; (e) a motor for actuating the vibratoryframe aforesaid, and (f) a motor-controlling device, common to aplurality ofthe keys aforesaid, operated thereby, and acting, when anyof said keys is depressed, to bring the ,motor aforesaid into action, sothat it gives movement to the vibratory frame aforesaid, whereby when akey is depressed, the type-bar corresponding to such key is actuated,and the type carried thereby thrown from its normal position to theprinting-center bya force other than that exerted by the operator uponthe key,the

touch made to be light, and the strength of the printing made to beindependentof the force exerted by the operator upon the key.

17, In'combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory framefor giving movement to said type-bars, each as required; said framebeing normally at rest and said type-bars being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (c) movement-receiving members suitably connected with thetype-bars for the actuating of which the vibratory frame aforesaidserves, amovementbratory frame aforesaid to receive movement therefrom,for the impelling of thetype-bar with which such movement-receivingmember is connected.

18. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory framefor giving movement to said type-bars, each as required; said framebeing normally at rest, and said type-bars.being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (a) swinging movement-receiving members; (d) pivotal connecetions between said members and the typee bars that are actuated by thevibratory frame aforesaid; (e) keys controlling the movementreceivingmembers aforesaid and each acting when depressed to swing theappropriate movement-receiving member into operative relation with thevibratory frame aforesaid to receive movement therefrom; and (f) amotor-controlling device common to a plurality of the keys aforesaid,operated thereby, and acting when a key is depressed, to

bring the motor device aforesaid into action;

whereby whena key is depressed, the corresponding type-bar is actuatedand the type carried thereby thrown from its normal position to theprinting-center by a force other than that exerted uponthe key, thetouch made to be light, and the strength ,of the printing made to beindependent of the pressure exerted by the operator upon the key.

19. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory frame,for actuating said type-bars, each as required; said frame beingnormally at rest and said type-bars being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (c) levers, corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a leverfor each type-bar; ((1) links, connecting said levers with saidtype-bars, a link for each type-bar and the corresponding lever; (e)movement receiving members pivoted to said levers, one for each lever;(f) keys, at the keyboard, corresponding to said type-bars, a key foreach type-bar; said keys each acting, when depressed, to give movementto the movement-receiving member connected with the correspondingtype-bar, to bring said memberinto operative relation with the vibratoryframe aforesaid to receive movement therefrom; and (g) a motor,controlled by the keys aforesaid, and acting when one of said keys isdepressed, to operate the vibratory frame aforesaid, whereby thetype-bar aforesaid is actuated.

20. In combination in a type-Writing machine, a plurality of type-barsstriking to a common printing-center, and a type-bar-controllingmechanism, including, (a) a vibratory frame, normally at rest, to throwsaid type-bars each as required, from their normal positions to theirprinting-center; the typebars aforesaid being normally disconnected fromsaid frame; (b) a plurality of movementreceiving members normallydisconnected from the frame aforesaid; said movement-receiving membersserving to receive movement from said frame, for the impelling of thetypebars aforesaid; ((1) keys corresponding to the movement-receivingmembers aforesaid, and equal in number thereto, a key for eachmovement-receiving member, said keys each acting, when*depressed, tobring the corresponding movement -'receiving member into operativerelation with the vibratory frame aforesaid to receive movementtherefrom, for the impelling of a type-bar.

21. In combination in a type-writing machine, a plurality of type-barsstriking to a common printing-center, and a type-bar-controllingmechanism including (a) a vibratory frame, normally at rest, to throwsaid typebars each as required, from their normal positions to theirprinting-center; the type-bars aforesaid being normally disconnectedfrom said frame; (1)) a plurality of movement-receiving members normallydisconnected from the frame aforesaid; said movement-receiving membersserving to receive movement from said frame for the impelling of thetypebars aforesaid; (0) keys corresponding to the movement-receivingmembers aforesaid, and equal in number thereto, a key for eachmovement-receiving member, said keys each acting, when depressed, tobring the corresponding movement-receiving member into operativerelation with the vibratory frame aforesaid to receive movementtherefrom, for the impelling of a type-bar; (d) a motor device,

esprc i i quired; keys for controlling with a single action thetype-barsaforesaid,each type-bar as required; and (d) means controlled by saidkeys acting, when one of said keys is depressed to bring the type-barcontrolled by said key into operative relation with the electromagnetaforesaid to receive movement therefrom and to bring said magnet intoaction to operate said type-bar, the keys aforef said acting solely,when depressed, to connect the type-bars with the magnet and to bringsaid magnet into action, said magnet thereupon operating to impel thetype-bar from its normal position to the printing-center, independentlyof the force exerted by the operator upon the key, whereby when a key isdepressed the appropriate type-bar is actuated and the type carriedthereby thrown from its normal position toward the printin g-center bymeans of afore other than that exerted by the operator upon the key, thetouchis made to be light, and the strength of the printing made to beindependent of the pressure exerted by the operator upon the key.

23. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars, striking to a common printing-center; (b) an electromagnetfor actuating said type-bars, to throw said type-bars, eachas required,from their normalpositions to their printin g-center; said electromagnetbeing normally inactive and said type-bars being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (0) keys, corresponding to the type-bars actuated bytheelectromagnet aforesaid, a key for each such type-bar; and meanscontrolled by said keys, acting when one of said keys is depressed, tobring the type-bar with which such key corresponds into operativerelation with the electromagnet aforesaid to receive movement therefrom,and to bring said magnet into action to operate said typebar; whereby,when a key is depressed the corresponding type-bar isactuated, and thetype carried thereby thrown from its normal position toward theprinting-center by aforce other than that exerted upon the key, thetouch made to be light, and the strengthof the printing made to beindependent of the pressure exerted by the operator.

24. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars, striking to a common printing-center; (b) an electromagnetfor actuating said type-bars, to throw said typeebars, each as required,from their normal positions to their printing-center; said electromagnetbeing normally inactive and.

said type-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; (0) keys,corresponding to the type-bars actuated by the electromagnet aforesaid,a key for each such type-bar; and means controlled by said keys, actingwhen one of said keys is depressed, to bring the type-bar with whichsuch key corresponds into operative relation with the electromagnetaforesaid to receive movement therefrom; and (d) a circuit-controllingdevice common to a plurality of the keys aforesaid ,operated by them,

I and acting, when any of'said keys is depressed,

to bring the electromagnet aforesaid into action to operate the type-barcorresponding to the key depressed, whereby said type-bar is actuatedand the type thrown from its normal position toward the printing-centerby means of a force other than that exerted by the operator upon thekey; the touch made to be light, and the strength of the printing madetobe independent of the pressure exerted upon the key.

25. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center (b) an electromagnet foractuating said type-bars, each as required; said magnet being normallyinactive andsaid type-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; (0)keys each acting when depressed, to bring one of the type-bars aforesaidinto operative relation with the electromagnet aforesaid to receivemovement therefrom; (d) a circuit-closing device, common to a pluralityof the keys aforesaid, said circuitclosing device including a pair ofcircuit-terminals, each of said keys to which said circuitclosing deviceis common, serving, when depressed, to press upon said circuit-closingdevice, thereby to positively press the circuitterlninals aforesaid intocontact with one another, to close the circuit of the electromagnetaforesaid; said electromagnet thereupon the key.

26. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) an electromagnet foractuating all said type-bars, to throw said type-bars, each as required,from its normal position to the printing-center; (0) movement-receivingmembers for the type-bars ac tuated by the electromagnet aforesaid, a

movement-receiving member for each such type-bar, suitably connectedwith said typebar, and serving to receive movement from theelectromagnet aforesaid for the impelling of said type-bar; saidmovement-receiving member being normally disconnected from theelectromagnet aforesaid; (d) keys, corresponding to the type-barsaforesaid, a key for each type-bar, and each acting, when depressed, tocause the movement-receiving member connected with the type-barcorresponding to such key, to come into operative relation with theelectromagnet aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom; and (e) acircuit-controlling device, operated by a plurality of the keysaforesaid, serving to control the electromagnet aforesaid.

ICC

IIO

27. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a common printing -center; (1)) keys,corresponding to said type-bars, and equal in number thereto; (0) anelectromagnet, common to all said type-bars, for actuating saidtypebars, to throw said type-bars each as required, from their normalpositions to the printingcenter; and (d) m'eans,.acting when a key isdepressed, to bring the type-bar corresponding to such key intooperative relation with the magnet aforesaid, to receive movementtherefrom, and to bring said magnet into action forthe impelling of saidtype-bar, to throw its type from its normal position to theprinting-center, so that it prints.

28. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (5) keys correspondingto said type-bars, a key for each type-bar; (c) an electromagnet foractuating all said type-bars, to throw said type-bars, each as required,from its normal position to the printing-center so that it prints; and(d) a single circuit-controlling frame operated by all the keysaforesaid, and acting to control the electromagnet aforesaid.

29. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars, striking to a common printing-center; (1)) keys, equal innumber to said type-bars; (c) an electromagnet for actuating all saidtype-bars, to throw said type-bars, each as required, from its normalposition to the printing-center, so. that it prints; (cl) devicescorrespondiug to said typebars, a device for each type-bar, receivingmovement from the corresponding key, and serving to bring thecorresponding type-bar into operative relation with the electromagnetaforesaid, to receive movement therefrom; and (e) a singlecircuit-controlling device, operated by all the keys aforesaid, and

acting to control the electromagnet aforesaid.

30. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory framefor impelling the type-bars aforesaid, each as required said frame beingnormally at rest and said typebars being normally discon nectedtherefrom; (a) an electromagnet for ac-- tuating said frame; (d) keys;and (6) means controlled by said keys acting, when a key is depressedboth to connect the appropriate type-bar with the vibratory frameaforesaid so that it can receive movement therefrom and to bring theelectromagnet aforesaid into action to operate the vibratory frameaforesaid and the type-bar connected therewith; the keys aforesaidserving solely when depressed, to connect the type bars with saidvibratory frame and to bring the magnet aforesaid into action, saidmagnet thereupon operating said frame to impel the type-bar from itsnormal position to the printing-center, independently of the forceexerted by the operator upon the key; whereby when a key is depressedthe appropriate type-bar is actuated and the type carried thereby thrownfrom its normal position toward the printing-center by a force otherthan that exerted by the operator upon the key, the touch made to belight and the strength of the printing made to be independent of thepressure exerted by the operator upon the key.

31. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a)'a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratoryframe,normally at rest, for impelling the typebars aforesaid, each asrequired; said typebars being normally disconnected from said vibratoryframe; (0) an electromagnet for actuating said frame; (01)movement-receiving members connected with the type-bars actuated by theframe aforesaid, a movement-receiving member for each such type-bar; (6)keys at the key-board, corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a keyfor each type-bar; each of said keys acting, when depressed, to givemovement to the movement-receiving member connected with the type-bar towhich said key corresponds,to bring said movementreceiving member intooperative relation with the vibratory frame aforesaid to receive movement therefrom; said keys controlling the electromagnetaforesaid; saidmagnet servin g, when one of said keys has been depressed and is at restin its depressed position, to give movement to the movement-receivingmember controlled by such key depressed, and to the type-bar with whichsaid movement-receiving member is connected, to throw the type from itsnormal position toward the printing-center; whereby the type-bar isactuated and the printing efiected by a force other than that exertedupon the key, the

touch made to be light, and the strength of the printing made to beindependent of the force exerted upon the key.

. 32. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a vibratory frame,normally at rest; (0) an electromagnet for actuating said frame; (d)movement-receiving members connected with the type-bars aforesaid,amember for each type-bar; (e) keys at the keyboard, corresponding to thetypebars aforesaid,a key for each type-bar; each of said keys acting,when depressed, to give movement to the movement-receiving memberconnected with the type-bar to which said key corresponds, to bring saidmovement-receiving member into operative relation with the vibratoryframe aforesaid to receive move ment therefrom; (f) acircuit-controlling device for the electro magnet aforesaid; saidcirrality of the keys aforesaid, each of said keys to which saidcircuit-controlling device is common serving, when depressed, to operatesaid circuit-controlling device; whereby the electromagnet aforesaidisbrought into action to operate the type-bar corresponding to the keydepressed, to throw the type from its normal position toward theprinting-center,

the printing effected by means of a force other than that exerted by theoperator upon the key, the touch made to be light, and the strength ofthe printing made to be independent of the force exerted by the operatorupon the key.

33. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a') an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (1)) keys correspondingto said type-bars, a key for each type-bar; (c) a type-bar-impellingframe for giving movement to a plurality of the typebars aforesaid, tothrow said type-bars, each as required, from their-normal positions tothe printing-center; (d) an electromagnet for actuating said frame; and(e) a circuit-controlling frame common to a plurality of the keysaforesaid, controlled by said keys and controlling the circuit of theelectromagnet aforesaid.

34. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) an alphabet oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) a frame for givingmovement to a plurality of the typebars aforesaid, each as required;said typebars being normally disconnected from said frame; (a) anelectromagnet for actuating said frame; (01) a movement-receiving memberconnected with each of the type-bars aforesaid, that is actuated by theframe aforesaid, to receive movement from said frame; (e) keyscorresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a key for each type-bar, aplurality of said keys serving each, when depressed, to give movement tothe movement-receiving member connected with the type-bar to whichsuchkey corresponds, to throw such movement-receiving member into operativerelation with the frame aforesaid to receive movement therefrom; and (f)a circuit-closing device, common to a plurality of the keys lastaforesaid, and acting, when any of said plurality of keys is depressed,to bring the magnet aforesaid into action to impel the frame aforesaidand the type-bar connected with the movement-receiving member that isbrought into operative relation with said frame by the key depressed. 4

35. In combination in a type-writing'machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) levers,corresponding to said type-bars; (0.) links, connecting said levers eachwith the type-bar to which it corresponds; (d) a frame, for actuatingall the type-bars aforesaid, each as required; said frame being normallyinactive, and said type-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; (e)movement-receivin g members, pivoted to the type-bar-correspondinglevers aforesaid, a movement-receiving member for eachtype-bar-corresponding lever; (f) keys, corresponding to the type barsaforesaid, a key for each of the type-bars actuated by the frameaforesaid, said keys each serving, when depressed, to swing themovement-receiving member connected with the type-bar corresponding tosuch key, into operative relation with the frame aforesaid to receivemovement therefrom; and (g) means, acting'on the depressing of a key, togive movement to the frame aforesaid for the impelling of the type-barcorresponding to the key depressed.

36. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) levers, corresponding to said type-bars; (a) links, connecting said levers each withthe type-bar to which it corresponds; (cl) a frame for actuating all thetype-bars aforesaid, said frame being normally inactive, and saidtype-bars being normally disconnected therefrom; (e) movement-receivingmembers, pivoted to the type-bar-corresponding levers aforesaid, amovement-receiving member for each type bar-corresponding lever; (f)keys, corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a key for each of thetype-bars that is actuated by the frame aforesaid; said keys eachserving, when depressed, to bring the movement-receiving membercorresponding to the typebar to which such key corresponds, intooperative relation with the frame aforesaid to receive movementtherefrom; (g) a motor for actuating the frame aforesaid, and (h) amotor-controlling device, common to a plurality of the keys aforesaid,and serving when one of said keys is depressed, to bring the motoraforesaid into action to operate the frame aforesaid, thereby to actuatethe type-bar corresponding to the key depressed.

37. In combination in a type-Writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) levers correspondingto said type-bars; links, connecting said levers each with the type-barto which it corresponds; (d) a frame for giving movement to thetype-bars aforesaid, each as required; (e) movement-receiving members,pivoted to the type-bar-corresponding levers aforesaid, amovement-receivin g member for each type-bar-corresponding lever; (f)keys, corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a key for each of thetype-bars that is actuated by the frame aforesaid; said keys eachserving, when depressed, to bring the movement-receiving membercorresponding to the type-bar to which such key corresponds, intooperative relation with the frame aforesaid to receive movementtherefrom; (g) an electro magnet acting, when one of the keys aforesaidis depressed, to give movement to the frame aforesaid, thereby toactuate the type-bar corresponding to the key depressed.

38. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printingcenter; (b) levers, correspondingto said type-bars; (0) links, connectin g said levers each with thetype-bar to which it corresponds; (d) aframe for actuating the type-barsaforesaid, each as re quired; (e) movement-receiving members, pivoted tothe type-bar-corresponding levers aforesaid, a movement-receiving memberfor each type-bar-corresponding lever; (f) keys,

corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a key for each of thetype-bars that is actuated by the frame aforesaid; said keys eachserving, when depressed, to bring the movementreceiving membercorresponding to the typebar to which such key corresponds, intooperative relation with the frame aforesaid to receive movementtherefrom; (9) an electromagnet for actuating the type-bar-impellingframe aforesaid; and (h) a circuit-controlling device common to aplurality of the keys aforesaid, and serving when one of said keys isdepressed, to bring the electromagnet aforesaid into action to operatethe frame aforesaid and'the type-bar corresponding to the key depressed.I

- 39. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a plurality oftype-bars striking to a common printing-center; (b) levers correspondingto said type-bars; (a) links, connecting said type-bar-correspondinglevers each with the type-bar to which it corresponds; (d) atype-bar-impelling frame, pivoted to oscillate and serving to givemovement to all the type-bars aforesaid, each as required; (6)movement-receiving members, hinged to the type-bar-corresponding leversaforesaid, a movement-receiving member to each such-lever; (f) keys,corresponding to the type-bars aforesaid, a key for each type-bar; saidkeys each controlling one of the movement-receiving members aforesaid,and serving,when de pressed, to bring said movement-receiving memberinto operative relation with the typebarimpelling frame aforesaid toreceive movement therefrom; and (g) means for actuating thetype-bar-impelling frame aforesaid.

40. In combination, in a type-writing machine having a main keyboard,(a) a type-bar; (b)a single motor device, for actuating said type-bar,to throw the type from its normal position to the printing-center; saidmotor device being normally inactive, and said typebar beingnormally-disconnected therefrom; and (c) a key, at said main keyboard ofsaid type-writing machine, and means controlled by said key, acting whensaid key is depressed, both to cause the type-bar aforesaid to beconnected with the motor device aforesaid, and to bring said motordevice into action; said motor device thereupon operating to impel saidtype-bar from its normal position to the printing-center, so that itprints; whereby the operator is relieved from actuating the type-bar andthe type-bar-impelled in its successive printing actions, with a uniformforce, notwithstanding variations in the force with which the key may bedepressed by the operator.

41. In combination in a type-writing machine, (ct) a type-bar; (b) asingle motor de vice for actuating said type-bar, to throw the type fromits normal position to the printingst ws center; said motor device beingnormally inactive and said type-bar being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (c) a key, corresponding to said type-bar, and connectedalways therewith in such manner that said key controls always, wheneverit is depressed, that same type-bar only, to bring said type-bar intooperative relation with the motor device aforesaid, to receive movementtherefrom; and (d) motor-controlling means operated by the keyaforesaid, and serving, when said key is depressed, to bring the motordevice aforesaid into action; said motor thereupon operating to impelthe type-bar aforesaid from its normal position toward theprintingcenter. I

42. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) asingle motor device for giving movement to said type-bar to throw thetype from its normal position to the printing-center; said motor devicebeing normally inactive and said type-bar being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (c) a movement-receiving member connected with said type-bar; ((1) a key, connected with the movement receiving member aforesaidin such manner that it serves always when depressed, to control thatsame movement-receiving member; said key acting, when depressed, both tobring said movement-receiving member into operative relation with themotor aforesaid, and also to bring said motor device into action, toimpel said movementreceiving member and the type-bar with which it isconnected.

43. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (ct) a type-bar; (b) asingle motor device,for giving movement to said type-bar to throw thetype from its normal position to the printing-center; said motor devicebeing normally inactive and said type-bar being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (a) a movement-receiving member connected with said type-bar;(d) a controlling device for the mo tor aforesaid; (e) a keycorresponding to said type-bar, and acting,when depressed, to givemovement to the movement-receiving member aforesaid to bring the sameinto operative relation with the motor device aforesaid; said key, whendepressed, operating also the motor-controlling device aforesaid,thereby to bring the motor aforesaid into action; the key aforesaidacting solely, when depressed, to bring the movement-receiving memberaforesaid into operative relation with the motor. device aforesaid, andto bring said motor device into action; said motor device serving, whenthe key aforesaid has been depressed and is at rest in its depressedposition, to give movement to the movement-receiving member aforesaidand the type-bar connected therewith, to throw the type carried by saidtype-bar from its normal position to the printingcenter,whereby theprinting is effected by means of a force other than that applied by theoperator to the key, and

the strength of the printing made to be independent of the force exertedby the operator upon the key.

4.4. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) amotor device for giving movement to said type-bar; said motor devicebeing normally inactive, and said type-bar being normally disconnectedthere from; (c) a swinging, movement-receiving member; (d) a pivotalconnection between said member and said type-bar; (e) a key at thekeyboard of said type-writing machine, corresponding to said type-barand acting, when depressed to give movement to the movement-receivingmember aforesaid, to swing said movement-receiving member into operativerelation with the motor device aforesaid, to receive movement therefrom;and (f) means, acting when said key is depressed, to bringthe motordevice aforesaid into action upon the movement-receiving memberaforesaid,to give movement to the type-bar aforesaid.

45. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) amotor device for giving movement to said type-bar; said motor devicebeing normally inactive, and said type-bar being normally disconnectedtherefrom; (c) a lever, corresponding to said typebar; ((1) a linkconnecting said leverwith said type-bar; (e) a movement receivingmember,pivoted to said lever; (f) akey at the keyboard, corresponding tothe movement-receiving member aforesaid, and (g) a controlling device,for the motor aforesaid; the key aforesaid serving when depressed, bothto give movement to the movement-receiving member aforesaid to swingsaid movementreceiving member into relation with the motor deviceaforesaid to receive movement therefrom, and also to operate saidmotorcontrolling device, thereby to bring the motor aforesaid intoaction upon the movementreceiving member aforesaid to actuate thetype-bar aforesaid; whereby, when the key is depressed,the type-barcorresponding thereto is actuated by a force other than that exerted bythe operator upon the key, and the type carried by said type-bar thrownto the printing-center with a uniform force in its successive printingactions, notwithstanding variationsin the pressure exerted by theoperator upon the key.

46. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) amotor for giving movement to said type-bar; said motor being normallyinactive, and said type-bar being normally disconnected therefrom; (c) apivoted, inovement-receiving member, suitably connected with saidtype-bar; (d) a key at the keyboard; (6) a bell-crank lever,corresponding to said key, and controlled thereby; (f) a link,connecting said bell-crank lever with the movement-receiving memberbefore mentioned, whereby, when the key aforesaid is depressed, themovement-receiving member aforesaid is swung into operative relationwith the motor aforesaid; and (g) means, acting when said key isdepressed, to bring the motor aforesaid into action upon themovement-receivin g member aforesaid, to actuate the type-bar aforesaid.47. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) amotor for giving movement tosaid type-bar; said motor being normallyinactive, and said type-bar being normally disconnected therefrom; (c) alever,

corresponding to said type-bar; (d) a link connecting said lever withsaid type-bar; (e) a movement-receiving member, pivoted to said lever;(f) a bell-crank; (g) a link, connecting said bell-crank with themovementreceiving member aforesaid; (h) a key at the keyboard acting,when depressed, to give movement to the bell-crank aforesaid, thereby toswing the pivoted movement-receiving member before mentioned intooperative relation with the motor aforesaid; and (t') means, controlledby the key aforesaid, and acting, when said key is depressed, to bringthe motor aforesaid into action upon the movement-receiving memberaforesaid to actuate the type-bar aforesaid. V

48. In combination in a type-writing-machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) avibratory frame, for giving movement to said type-bar; said frame beingnormally at rest and said typebar being normally disconnected therefrom;(a) a movement-receiving member, connected with said type-bar; (d) akey, permanently connected with the movement-receivingmember aforesaid,so that it serves always, when-' ever it is depressed, to bring saidmovementreceiving member into operative relation with the vibratoryframe aforesaid to receive movement therefrom, for the impelling of thetype-bar aforesaid.

49. In a type-writing machine, (a) a typebar; (1)) a vibratory frame,normally at-rest; (c) a single motor for actuating said frame, to givemovement to the type-bar; (d) a controlling device for said motor; (6) amovement-receiving member connected with the type-bar aforesaid; (f) akey at the keyboard, corresponding to the type-bar aforesaid, andacting, when depressed, to give movement to the movement-receivingmemher before mentioned, to bring the same into operative relation withthe vibratory frame aforesaid to receive movement therefrom; said key,when depressed, also operating the motor-controlling device aforesaid;the key aforesaid acting solely, when depressed, to bring themovement-receivin g member aforesaid into operative relation with thevibra+ tory frame aforesaid, and to operate the motor-controlling deviceaforesaid; the motor aforesaid serving, when said key has been depressedand is at rest in its depressed posi tion, to give movement to themovement-receiving member aforesaid and the type-bar connectedtherewith, to throw the type from its normal posit-ion to the printingcenter; whereby the type-bar is actuated and the printing effected bymeans of a force other than that exerted by the operator upon the key,the touch made to be light, and the strength of the printing made to beindependent of the force exerted by the operator upon the key.

50. In combination in a type-writing machine having a main keyboard, (a)a typebar; (6) an electromagnet for actuating'said type-bar, to throwthe type from its normal position toward the printing-center; saidtype-bar being normally disconnected from said electromagnet; (c) a key,at the keyboard of said type-writing machine; and ((1) means, acting,when said key is depressed, to bring the type-bar aforesaid intooperative relation with the magnet aforesaid to receive movementtherefrom, and to bring said magnet into action, to impel said type-barfrom its normal position toward the printing-center.

51. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) anelectromagnet for actuating said type-bar to throw the type from itsnormal position to the printing-center; said type-bar being normallydisconnected from said electromagnet; (c) a key, permanently connectedwith the type-bar aforesaid so that said key always, whenever it isdepressed, brings said type-bar into operative relation with theelectromagnet aforesaid to receive movement therefrom; saidkey alsocontrolling said magnet; said magnet acting, when said key is depressed,to impel the type-bar aforesaid independently of the force exerted uponthe key, vwhereby the operator is relieved from the labor of actuatingsaid type-bar and said type-bar impelled with a uniform force in itssuccessive printing actions, notwithstanding variations in the forcewith which the key controlling it may be depressed.

52. In combination, in a type-writing machine, having a main keyboard,(Ct) a typebar; (6) an electromagnet foractuating said type-bar to throwthe type from its normal position to the printing-center; said type-barbeing normally disconnected from said magnet; (c) a key at the keyboardof said typewriting machine; ((1) means, receiving movement from saidkey, for bringing said typebar, when said key is depressed, intooperative relation with the electromagnet aforesaid, to receive movementtherefrom; (e) a circuit-closing device operated positively by the keyaforesaid when said key is depressed, and upon which said key, when atthe limit of its downward movement, exerts a pressure to close thecircuit of the magnet aforesaid; said magnet thereupon acting, when saidkey is at rest in its depressed position, to actuate the type-bar, asaforesaid; whereby the printing is effected by means of a force otherthan that applied by the operator to the key, the touch made to belight, and the strength of the printing made to be independent of theforce exerted by the operator upon the key.

53. In combination, in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) avibratory frame, normally at .rest; (0) an elcctromagnet for actuatingsaid frame; (d) a movement-receiving member, connected with the type-baraforesaid; (c) a key, acting, when depressed, to give movement to themovement-receiving member before mentioned, to bring the same intooperative relation with the Vibratory frame aforesaid to receivemovement therefrom; said key controlling the circuit of theelectromagnet aforesaid; the key aforesaid acting solely, whendepressed, to bring the movement-receiving member aforesaid intooperative relation with said vibratory frame, and to control the circuitof the electromagnet aforesaid; said magnet serving, when said key isdepressed, to give movement to the movement-receiving member aforesaidand the type-bar connected therewith, to throw the type from its normalposition to the printing-center; whereby the type-bar is actuated andthe printing effected by a force other than that exerted upon the key,the touch made to be light, and the strength of the printing made to beindependent of the force exerted by the operator upon the key.

54. In combination in a type-writing macl1ine,(a) a type-bar;(b)aswinging,movementreceiving member; (a) pivotal connections between saidmember and said type-bar; (cl) an electrically-operated device forgiving movement to said swinging movement-receiving memberto impel thetype-bar with which said member is connected; said electrically-operateddevice being normally inactive, and said movement-receiving member beingnormally disconnected therefrom; and (c) akey controlling both themovement-receiving member aforesaid and the electrically-operated deviceaforesaid, and serving when depressed,to give movement to saidmovement-receiving memher, to bring the same into operative relationwith the electrically-operated device aforesaid,to receive movementtherefrom; said key serving, also, when depressed, to bring theelectrically-operated device aforesaid into action upon themovement-receiving member aforesaid to give movement to the same for theimpelling of the type-bar aforesaid.

55. In combination in a type-writing machine, (a) a type-bar; (b) alevercorresponding to said type-bar; (c) a link connecting said lever withsaid type-bar; (d) a movement-receiv ing member pivoted to said lever;(e) anelectrically-operated device for giving movement to said pivotedmovement-receiving member to impel the type-bar with which said memberis connected, said electrically-operated device being normally inactiveand said move-v ment-receiving member being normally disconnectedtherefrom; and (f) a key controlling both the movement-receiving memberaforesaid and the electrically-operated device aforesaid, and servingwhen depressed, to give movement to said movement-receiving member, tobring the same into operative relation with the electrically-operateddevice ICO the swinging, movement-receiving member connected with thetype-bar aforesaid, to throw said movement-receiving member intooperative relation with the frame aforesaid, to receive movementtherefrom; and (f) a motor device, controlled by saidkey, for operatingthe type-bar-impelling frame aforesaid. In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand, at Washington, in the District of Columbia, this27th day of July, A. D. 1896, in the presence of the subscribingWitnesses whose names are hereto annexed.

THADDEUS OAHILL. Attest:

ARTHUR T. CAHILL, GEORGE E. A. GRIFFIN.

